Is Empowerment a Valuable Tool for Increasing Efficiency and Essay - 4

Is Empowerment a Valuable Tool for Increasing Efficiency and Effectiveness in Today's Organisations - Essay Example The paper tells that the purpose of empowerment is to get employees to take responsibility for producing results rather than merely â€Å"following rules and regulations without producing tangible results†. It includes various factors such as re-engineering and re-designing existing delivery processes to make them less error-prone, more efficient, effective, and timely. Re-organization of the company’s operations to eliminate wastage of resources and personnel and replacement of earlier methods of working with information technology are also reforms that empower the workforce. Replacement of old tasks with high technology equipment or new approaches would require staff training for new responsibilities. Any anxiety on the part of workers should be addressed by human resources personnel to help employees increase their skill sets, and when any jobs become obsolete the employees should be helped to find comparable jobs within the organization. Employee empowerment has bec ome an increasingly popular concept in organizations because of growing global competition and rapid technological change. These require intensive organizational changes in employee management, for increasing organizational competitive advantage in the expanding market. Employee empowerment is a significant change initiative because it is critical to organizational innovation and effectiveness. The key element in empowerment is that it increases the level of motivation of an individual employee at the lowest possible organizational level when he is delegated with authority to make decisions. There are two distinct definitions of empowerment. As a relational construct, empowerment refers to one’s power and control over other employees, and to the transference of such power from management to an employee with less decision-making authority.

How an organization overcame a public relations crisis Case Study

How an organization overcame a public relations crisis - Case Study Example Johnson & Johnson’s is a very successful company. Its vision focuses on being of service to the community and committing itself to serving their clients. The mission statement is no different. The company seeks to provide its clients with the best possible product and services. According to the company, this must meet safety and ethical regulation. Looking at the Tylenol crisis, the reader will understand just how timely response to company crisis is essential in winning the trust of the consumer. Before the Tylenol Crisis, the product was the most successful over the counter drug in the US. It had over a hundred million users. Through the first 3 quarters of 1982, Tylenol was bringing in about 19 percent of Johnson and Johnson’s profits. The product accounted for 13 percent of the company’s growth in sales and over 33 percent in profits growth per year. In terms of the market share, Tylenol had over 37 percent making it indomitable. The drug outsold four of its closest competitors combined. Later in 1982, for reasons not known to anyone, a presumably unknown person or persons put cyanide-laced capsules in place of Tylenol Extra-Strength capsules and then resealed the packages. The malevolent person(s) then deposited the drugs on shelves of at least six pharmacies or more and popular food stores in Chicago. Seven people died from using the capsules. The media can be damaging to the reputation of any company. In most cases, it may have some alteration, or have interest on one side. While a given piece of information can have different meanings depending on how it is covered, the media will always find the way that the piece attracts as much heat or attention as possible. Concerning Tylenol crisis, the media focused on how a trusted consumer product had brought about deaths of the American citizens. While this is true, the fact is that the company was not to blame for the unfortunate events. The media made a very bad name of the brand that

Stereotyping of Minority Students :: Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

Stereotyping of Minority Students      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout most of my school years, before attending MCTC, I had never experienced inter-racial schooling.   I went to a small high school with about twenty minority students.   These students were not outcasts they were treated as any other non-minority student.   Therefore, I had little experience with minorities in a non-minority school.   After the speech that was given by Michael Jefferson, I was more informed on the effects of stereotyping of minority students in a non-minority school.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stereotyping may cause students and teachers to view minority students on a non-minority campus as inferior.   This may cause some teachers or faculty members to believe that these minority students are not as capable of achieving the same quality of work as non-minority students. Scholarships are sometimes given out to non0minority students due to their racial background.   I suppose this happens due to the stereotype of minority students not being capable of the educational work as that of other students.   Classroom behavior toward minority students may be shown in appropriate, and/or unrecognized. For instance, a teacher may call on a non-minority student before a minority student.   The teacher may pick on the non-minority due to a belief that these students care about their schooling, whereas minority students are being pre-judged without the chance to really learn.   Some people even believe that combining the different minorities may cause problems.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Combining minority with non-minority students can create some conflict.   Some non-minority students, this attitude of aggression may be brought on by "close-minded" non-minority students.   These students let their attitude take over their learning time, by worrying about the other minority students.   Each student, whether thy be minority or non-minority, must put their mind on learning than on another minority on the campus. Some students may see that combining minority with non-minority students, as a way of learning about different people and their cultures.   I f students would open their eyes as they do their ears for learning, students would see a whole new possibility of meeting others, not minding if they are a minority or not.   These students should also learn to use their own ideas, and not always to believe in the media point of view.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Today the media is a major source of minority and non-minority

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

The prostate gland is an exocrine gland found only in the male. Exocrine glands secrete chemicals to the outside of the body. It is a glandular organ and is found just below the bladder and at the top of the penis. It is normally about the size of a walnut and it surrounds the urethra which is the tube that brings urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is made of fibrous tissue and some muscle tissue. Anatomy The gland is divided into zones or lobes. The peripheral zone is the outside part of the prostate and this is where most prostate cancers are found.The central zone makes up about 25% of the gland and the transition zone makes up about 5% of the gland. The transition zone, however, is where are the hypertrophy happens. This part of the prostate is closest to the urethra so as it grows it puts pressure on and squeezes the urethra causing problems with urination. However, in benign prostate hyperplasia, the prostate grows and begins to cause the person problems. It is usually an age related disease which is nonmalignant. Large lesions grow on that central section of the prostate.It is believed that 60% of men over the age of 60 have BPH (Porth & Matfin, 2007). The exact cause is unknown but there are some risk factors which include age, history, race, dietary fat, and hormonal factors. The older one gets, the more likely to have it and African American men get it most often. When young the gland grows with the hormones testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and it is believed that in some men the hormones do not slow down and stop when they should so the gland continues to grow past what would be normal. Signs and SymptomsBPH causes compression on the urethra so it causes partial or complete obstruction of urine flow. As the obstruction increases (prostate gets larger), acute or emergent retention of the urine may occur with distention of the bladder. The urine that is left in the bladder when a man tries to urinate and is not able to empty his bladder causes a frequency to occur, consistently trying to empty the bladder. This usually becomes worse at night. When there is a lot of bladder distention accidents may happen every time pressure is put on the abdomen or when coughing causing pressure inside the abdomen.When urine is not completely emptied from the bladder the chances of a urinary infection occurs and this sometimes happens frequently. All of this develops in stages over time so there is often changes in the kidney and ureters because of the long time back up of urine causing hydronephosis which eventually begins to kill kidney gomeruli. If not treated early this can lead to renal failure. Diagnosis When making a diagnosis of BPH seven questions are at first ask. These questions are regarding incomplete emptying, frequency, intermittency, urgency, weak stream, straining, and nocturia.A final question relates to the quality of life the patient is having related to this problem. A history, physical exam and rectal exam is done. Also to be done are urinalysis, PSA, and serum creatinine as well as other blood tests. The urinalysis is done to detect bacteria or infection, the serum creatinine is used to estimate whether there is renal function problems and the PSA is used to screen for cancer. Our Patient JJ has BPH and he has symptoms of frequent or urgent need to urinate, he also has developed cysts in his urine and a urinary tract infection.All of these symptoms make sense because they are symptoms of the enlarged prostate putting pressure on the urethra. The urinary tract infection has occurred because of the retention of urine in the bladder. His treatment plan is medications and TURP or TIP. Treatment Treatment in the early stages is aimed at symptom relief, then there is a time of watchful waiting which is suggested by most physicians. There are presently medications that work pretty well for some time. These are Finasteride which reduces prostate size by blocking the effect of androgens on the prostate.This drug also cause atrophy of the prostate cells which can cause a 20% reduction in volume. The onset of the drug takes some time, sometimes 3-6 months but it usually works for some time. The side effects may be erectile dysfunction and decreased libido. There can also be the surgical removal of the enlarged prostate gland. This surgery can be done through the urethra, through a suprapubic incision, or through an incision in the peritoneum. The most commonly used way is called a TURP which is transurethral prostatectomy or through the urethra.The prostate is a very vascular organ and though this procedure is fairly simple to do, there is a great deal of bleeding on average and irrigations are often necessary post-operatively. There are presently many experimental treatments that it is hoped will provide less side effects. These include laser surgery, transurethral vaporization, transurethral microwave therapy, and transurethral needle ablation. There is also a new technique using balloon dilation but these effects at this time seem to be transitory. Stents can also be placed in those men that have major heart of lung issues and cannot tolerate surgical procedures.Treatment Plan So, JJ had symptoms of BPH which was treated by medication but his symptoms persisted and he had a TURP. This procedure after recovery relieved his symptoms and he is progressing quite well with most of his symptomology gone at this time. Conclusion BPH which is thought of as a cancerous condition of the prostate is a benign condition of the prostate. The symptoms which it causes are usually the method of treatment in the beginning and this may last for some time, but there may be a later need for a more aggressive method of treatment which at this time is the TURP.There are side effects of this surgery, some of them immediate because of the vascular condition of the prostate. This surgery, at this time usually solves the problem long term. There are many more less inv asive procedures being studied at this time. Our patient JJ is doing quite well after a TURP and will most likely not need a further procedure. It does not relieve him however, of the possibility of prostate cancer because that part of the prostate is still there so he will need to continue to have checkups. References Porth,C and Matfin, G. (2007). Pathophysiology. 8th ed. Lippincott: Boston Add textbook

Short Story - 1925 Words

She tripped and almost fell when a fellow first year student bumped into her, anxious to get into the Great Hall. She cursed under her breath and pushed her brunette hair out of her face. The brunette girl was stuck in stampede of first year students, all of them rushing into the Great Hall to get sorted into their houses. Finally, she was able to navigate her way through the storm and stepped into the Great Hall. She looked around at the second to seventh year students as she slowly smoothed out her blue and cranberry robes. Everyone went silent as a young woman with platinum blonde hair, holding a scroll, cleared her throat. Hello students and welcome to Ilvermorny! I am Professor Whitby, she announced rather cheerfully. Shes†¦show more content†¦A warrior. She was escorted from the room. Ragnok Clearwater! the wampus carving roared when he stepped up to the knot. An adventurer. Jessika Schroder! a jet black-haired girl stepped up to the knot. The horned serpent carvings eyes glowed. A scholar. Many students later the brunette girls name was finally called. Amanda Benson! she stepped up to knot making sure her slight nervousness wouldnt show. She stepped up to the knot and after what seemed like an eternity later she heard the roar of the wampus. She assumed that was the house she got into but saw the shocked faces of the senior students and heard gasps from the crowd. Amanda turned around and saw not only was the wampus carving roaring but the horned serpents eyes were glowing as well. This rarely ever happened. Usually only once a decade. Amanda knew what she had to do next, she remembered reading about it in a book she had read on the train. She now had the honor to choose whether she would be in the horned serpent house or the wampus house. She looked over to Whitby, Which house would you like to be in? Whitby asked. I choose the horned serpent house, Amanda answered. Whitby nodded, the wampus carving stopped roaring, and she was escorted by the white-haired man out of the room. . As he led her down the hallway Amanda saw several house crests and paintings. As a no maj-born it was fascinating to her that the people in the pictures were moving as if they were real. Then again,Show MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Personalistic and Naturalistic Theory Essay - 1139 Words

The study of history enables a society to understand the present better, prevent one from thinking the past is always better, and aids in the understanding of human nature. Psychology is an ever changing and evolutionary field. Recent years have presented numerous changes and increasing interest by many individuals, which have been inspired to help enhance the growth of modern psychology (Woodworth, 1918, p. 1). The use of the certain tools that have been deemed to be reliable in the fields of biology and physical sciences have been implemented in modern psychology to aid in the fields growth to take on an identity of its own (Schultz Schultz, 2004, p. 2). This paper will discuss the personalistic and naturalistic theory and how the two†¦show more content†¦The reasoning for the lack of recognition on the behalf of Vesalius and Harvey has been contributed to the personalistic theory. According to the definition of the personlistic theory, Vesalius and Harvey were not consid ered as great men of their generation and did not possess the uniqueness to cause a great impact on society. The personlistic theory does not consider the facts of the historian studies, even though there was sufficient evidence to support their theories. However, according to the zeitgeist steps in order to attempt to explain this by being the spirit of that generation was not open to the new idea’s of these two men, and therefore, their theories were rejected by that generation. According to McCauley, the definition of a zeitgeist is â€Å"spirit of times† McCauley (2008, p. 10). Zeitgeist is believed to be the compelling drive to cause major changes in history through unknowing forces. Social, economic, and political forces are considered as a part of zeitgeist theory to influence the ever changing field of psychology Schultz Schultz (2012, p. 11). Dean Keith Simonton a known researcher of leadership, talent, and esthetics describes zeitgeist as follows: â€Å"The traditional explanation of multiples is founded on what can be called the zeitgeist theory of creativity. According to this social deterministic view, the individual creator is largelyShow MoreRelatedNaturalistic vs Personalistic Approach in Psychology Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesPersonalistic vs the Naturalistic Viewpoint History is a troublesome word in the English language, having a number of meanings and usages. We often use the term without really considering the underlying concepts it represents. We use history to stand for actual events that took place in the past. The view of history as a collection of events, a flow of actions and reactions is as old has human curiosity about things happened before their own time. The human mind has always seemed to seekRead MoreInvestigating The Expository Qualification And The Debate Between The Personalistic And Naturalistic Position1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe objective of this task is to investigate the expository qualification and the debate between the Personalistic and Naturalistic position in the originations of experimental history in psychological research, it likewise clarified the correlation between the two ideas and how the zeitgeist secured the associations with each of these ideas. Zeitgeist portrays as the â€Å"spirit of the time† and amid the seventeenth and nineteenth hundreds of years. On the occasion of the recorded advancement of exploratoryRead MoreRene Descartes: The Personalist vs. the Naturalist Viewpoint1203 Words   |  5 Pagespersons with the theories they are trying to support as a group. In this case, we see that society is ready for an innovation and that sometimes even multiple people, some of which might have even had this idea many years before, influence the creation of new concepts or even products because there is a societal demand for them. I have chosen to look at Rene Descartes as my philosopher and believe that in many ways he supports the Personalistic theory. When thinking of the personalistic Name and dateRead MoreHistory of Modern Psychology Essay754 Words   |  4 Pagesof philosophers and psychologists, which also celebrates â€Å"classic studies† and â€Å"breakthrough discoveries† (Goodwin p. 7). Furumoto believed that old history is based more on presentist, internal and personalistic views where as new history views are based more on historicist, external, and naturalistic approaches. Presentism versus Historicism The definition of presentism is to interpret the past only in terms of present concepts and values. Example, if an individual were to look at the RevolutionaryRead MoreAugust Comte- Zeitgeist2118 Words   |  9 PagesAuguste Comte: Personalistic Naturalistic Positions Claudette Spear Dr. Joan Hageman Northcentral University Abstract This paper will focus on Auguste Comte, the founder of Sociology and how he uses both views of both Personalistic and Naturalistic positions in order to justify his findings. Also it will explain how his personal feelings about numerous subjects greatly influenced his studies and works in which things were manipulated to support his findings. FinallyRead MoreThe Personalistic vs. the Naturalistic Viewpoint1752 Words   |  8 Pagesand explain the course of historical events. In considering the historical development of scientific psychology two main views of the historical progress the field of science have emerged: personalistic theory and naturalistic theory. The personalistic theory often times called the â€Å"great man† theory holds that a chosen few individuals are unique in that they are endowed with an extraordinary inner quality giving them the ability to do extraordinary things. When applied to scientific historyRead MoreEssay on The New Psychology and The New Psychologist1874 Words   |  8 Pageswill be discussing the new psychology and the new psychologist. You will learn the meanings of personalistic and naturalistic theories and their relation to zeitgeist. During this topic you may find that personally you fall in to one of these categories of belief. As humans ones finds themselves acting in certain ways or adopting different theories over another and do not understand why. These theories will help to bring into perspective decision making and thinking processes. We will also exploreRead MoreMulti Dimensional Factors Which Influence The Planning, Implementation, And Evaluation Of Health Interventions2092 Words   |  9 Pagesare often used as well as using herbal plants for healing. Taboos belief is common also, cause of illness can be attributed to mystical, personalistic and naturalistic. Mystical theory is the result of unfulfilled obligations of ancestors so commonly believe as bad karma. Personalistic theory is that evil spirits or witches gives the disease. Lastly, naturalistic, states that stress, infection, food and drugs are all causes of illness. These are the main taboos and practices that can be found aboutRead More Principles for Cognizing the Sacred Essay4240 Words   |  17 Pageslevels through which one could develop a true understanding of an objects essence.(1) A.Tchanyshev emphasized naturalistic and anthropomorphic principles for cognizing the essence of objects,(2) whereas B.T. Grigorian, through the principles of objectivism and subjectivism, made it possible to comprehend the notion of essence with regard to human beings.(3) Yu.A. Shreider juxtaposed natura listic and individualistic principles for cognizing the world.(4) S.N. Smirnov emphasized functional and structural

The Constitution Of The United States National Government

The Constitution The American Constitution is â€Å"a system of basic laws and principles that establish the nature, functions and limits of a government or other institution† (Harr, Hess Orthmann, 2012). The purpose of the Constitution was to make it so that no single person would be able to have power over all others. Before the Constitution even came about, there was the first development of the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation were written after the United States had declared independence from Great Britain. It established what the functions of the United States national government would be. This created a weak central government and it did not allow each individual state to create their own foreign diplomacy†¦show more content†¦By November of 1778, New Jersey agreed to ratify the Articles. Then in February of 1779, Delaware agreed. Maryland finally agreed to ratify the Articles in March of 1781 when Virginia agreed to relinquish t heir western lands. While the Articles of Confederation did create a sovereign, national government, it also brought limits to the states’ rights. It limited their right to conduct their own foreign policy and diplomacy (OHBPA, n.d.). The Articles of Confederation had many problems surrounding it. Congress didn’t have the authority to enforce the 1783 Treaty of Paris provisions and the exportation of convicts from the British government could not be prevented by the Confederation government (OHBPA, n.d.). There were also issues with the fact that any acts that were passed by congress could not be enforced because there was no executive branch to enforce them. Congress needed a 9/13 majority vote in order for laws to be passed. Regardless of the size, each state only had one vote in Congress. Congress didn’t have any power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, nor did they have the power to tax. In order for any Amendments to the Articles of Confe deration to be passed, they need a unanimous vote. There was also no national court system (Constitutional Facts, n.d.). All of these problems had the delegates realizing that they needed a more powerful central